In a message dated 23/03/06 18:15:09, [log in to unmask] writes:
> What language this stoplist? Basque?
> Can anyone translate these names into English, or German?
>
>
This appears to be a Germanized version of Euskara - the
language of the Basque region of northern Spain and western
France. While I'm no expert, I have studied the language for
a number of years and have played organs in the Basque country,
including several built by Cavaille-Coll, Stoltz, Merklin-Schutze,
Didier, Graff, and others. The 1993 organ by D'Lom in the
Zenaruzza monastery at Ziortza has stop draws with names in
Euskara. Most of the other organs have Spanish and/or French
stop names.
Euskara is a language with many sub-regional forms, what we
might call dialects. (I was taken to task on this List once for
using that term, and told that "a language is just a dialect
with an army".) !!!!
Thus, Euskara has many differences in spellings and meanings
inherent even within the language. The origin of the language
is unknown, and it is certainly not one of the Roman-based tongues.
I sincerely doubt that such terms as "Vox caelestis" - for example -
are Basque. It's not a German term either, but the German builder
of this organ has decided to call the stop by this name, anyway.
The stops that Jim lists in the specification of the Iglesia Del
Sagrado Corazon seem to be a mix of languages, not unlike
stoplists that we often find in American organs. In most Spanish
organs, the Flautado is a principal (a flue, of course, but NOT a
flute). In this organ it's the 8-foot stop of the main division,
which would lead one to think it's a principal. However, the term
"nagusia" which describes the 16-foot stop on the same division
is a Basque word meaning "principal" or "chief" so perhaps the
16-foot is a principal and the 8-foot is a flute. Hmmmm...
The "Zortzigarrena" is obviously named for the "Zortziko",
a Basque folk dance in eighths, which is traditionally played
by the txistu, a whistle-flute which sounds at 4-foot pitch and
which is the main folk instrument in Basque country.
In the expressive division, the "Xirula eztia" is named for the
folk flute native to the province of Zuberoa ("eztia" means gentle
or soft, in much the same way we use "dolce"). "Hamabosgarrena"
and "Hemeretzigarrena" are just fractional names, equivalents of
"fifteenth" and "nineteenth". The others seems self-evident, and
much less Basque-based, such as "baxua" for "bass" in the Pedal
division.
Interesting mix of languages and traditions here.
I'll have to put this one on my list of organs to visit.
Agur (that's Euskara for "goodbye"),
Agnes Armstrong
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